Sugar is form of organic chemical which can be extracted in various plant and also all of green planets. We as human consume organic chemical so called sugar in daily life. The sugar itself was not important until the middle of the nineteenth century, yet the sugar cane became valuable source after middle nineteenth century due to first domesticated in New Guinea around 8000 B.C, and two thousand years later, the corn cane was moved to the Philippines and India, and possibly Indonesia. This is the starting point of when we use sugar in daily life.
The sugar cane definitely relate to political ecology, since the meaning of political ecology is "political ecology is the study of the politics of environmental changes that influence the changes in socioeconomic power relations of the people in a society which may be due to natural or human induced phenomena and development", political ecology basically means politics view of environmental change that are caused by human or nature since the sugar was created by the nature and found by human, so that people in New Guinea could cultivate sugar cane and spread all over the world in today, thus sugar cane is relate with political ecology.
The sugar cane cannot be grown in all over the place in the world, there are certain place where sugar cane can be grown. This cause the global capitalism, global capitalism is basically means trade with anywhere in the world if it benefit you. So the country where it could produce the sugar cane select the price and make profit out of it. Thus sugar cane is also impact of global capitalism.
Based on you definition of ecology, I think sugar is a great topic for argument and analysis of how this organic matter influences the world. Although I have chosen to look at the prospects of corn, it is obviously interesting to note how a different trading source developed, given almost identical periods of rapid popularity. Whereas my subject, corn, is a crop that could be grown virtually everywhere, in all climatic regions and conditions; sugar is particular to warm and temperate climates. There are the obvious implications which you have listed above such as the countries ability to discern appropriate value to the trade source, however it would have been interesting to explore WHO made those prices and who got the benefit. Based on what I can remember from World History, sugarcane was a crop that quickly found interest within the colonies and slave trade due to its high market.
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